-凯发k8游戏
��ࡱ�>�� ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������'` �r��xbjbj{p{p2z::�9���������������������$��t*��������
ttttttt$�uhdxp3t9�
��
3t����lt_"_"_"
\����
t_"
t_"_"��_"��m�����i!j_"
t�t0�t_"�x�!v�x_"_"n/�x��q`��_"�������3t3ti"����t
���d0�
���0�������������public administration review
volume 70, issue 2, mar/apr 2010
1. title: resilience in public administration: the work of elinor and vincent ostrom from a public administration perspective
authors: toonen, theo
abstract: this essay examines the remarkable careers of elinor and vincent ostrom, exploring polycentricity and human management of common property resources from the �no-name fields� of public administration in the late 1950s, through the metropolitan public service industries and public choice approach to democratic administration in the 1960s and 1970s and the institutional analysis of common pool resource management of the 1980s and 1990s. it continues with the diagnosis of the self-governing capabilities of socio-ecological systems in the 2000s. many continuities underlie focal shifts in attention. their work will be related to developments in the public administration field along with illustrations of their pioneer example for public administration on research as a collaborative enterprise. the 2009 nobel laureate in economics, elinor ostrom has been working from an academic background and intellectual tradition that, particularly through her long-term collaboration with vincent ostrom, is strongly rooted in the classical and prevailing institutional concerns that may be seen as core to public administration as an academic field of education and research.
2.title: challenges confronting contemporary public budgeting: retrospectives/prospectives from allen schick
authors: caiden, naomi
abstract: for nearly half a century, allen schick's works have explored and analyzed central issues in the role of budgets in modern government. in 2009, the organisation for economic co-operation and development published evolutions in budgetary practice: allen schick and the oecd senior budget officials, a selection of his work, together with new chapters. the book traces developments in budget practices and reforms since the 1980s, relating them to changes in the role of government, and discusses challenges to contemporary budgeting and how they might be met. this collection provides an invaluable insight into schick's thinking about public budgeting: a perspective on the past, a practical resource for the present, and a guide to the future.
3. title: introduction to �spanning �bleeding� boundaries�
authors: hyperlink "http://dj.iciba.com/anonymous/" \t "_blank" anonymous
abstract: an introduction is presented to the article "spanning 'bleeding' boundaries: humanitarianism, ngos & the civilian-military nexus in the post-cold war era," published in this issue.
4. title: spanning �bleeding� boundaries: humanitarianism, ngos, and the civilian-military nexus in the post�cold war era
authors: roberts, nancy c.
abstract: how do nongovernmental (ngo), international (io), and military organizations cope with their dependencies and address their perceptual and real differences in order to coordinate their field operations? this question is addressed through the creation of a matrix grouping civilian (ngos and ios) and military operations into four general types: peacekeeping; disaster relief; complex humanitarian emergencies/warfare; and stabilization and reconstruction. second, using galbraith's information processing approach to organizational design, a range of formal coordination mechanisms that organizations use at the strategic and operational levels to help them cope with their dependencies in different field operations is identified. third, the author underscores how communities of practice are emerging as informal mechanisms of coordination among civilian and military organizations. and finally, a framework of organizational forms that views communities of practice as an alternative to hierarchy and markets is offered. believing communities of practice hold the most promise for coordination in the human security domain when hierarchies are politically untenable and markets lack accountability, the author concludes with implications for interorganization coordination research and practice.
5. title: examining small town revenues: to what extent are they diversified?
authors: carroll, deborah a.; johnson, terri
abstract: how diversified are small town revenues? revenue diversification is analyzed among towns governed by town meetings. using previously developed diversification measures, the findings confirm that these localities draw from less diverse revenue streams than other state and local governments. the reasons for these variations include differences in home rule status as well as tax and expenditure limitations imposed by states. the authors suggest that revenue allocation in these jurisdictions is substantively different from other forms of local government because these communities rely much less on sales taxation than states and municipalities. their essay proposes possible options for improvement, along with other criteria by which small towns can assess their revenue diversification.
6. title: evaluating local government emergency management programs: what framework should public managers adopt?
authors: henstra, daniel
abstract: local governments play a key role in emergency management by developing the necessary policies and concrete procedures for responding effectively to community emergencies and their aftermath. however, because emergency measures in most jurisdictions are rarely, if ever, activated, public managers find it difficult to evaluate and assess the quality of existing emergency management programs. drawing on expert literature to identify 30 elements of a high-quality local emergency management program, key elements are refined and synthesized into a single framework that provides clear-cut best practices for emergency program evaluation and performance measurement.
7. title: what influences city council adoption and support for reinventing government? environmental or institutional factors?
authors: krebs, timothy b.; pelissero, john p.
abstract: what influences the degree to which city councils support reinventing government (rego)? controlling for environmental factors that are likely to shape council policy adoption as well as the tenure of the chief administrator, the findings of this study underscore that the type of representation system is most consistently related to opposition to rego. in addition, the economic health of the city and the tenure of the chief administrator are positively associated with council support. overall, institutional factors affect council policy adoption more than either environmental factors or an administrator's seniority, at least in this policy area.
8. title: interlocal service cooperation in u.s. cities: a social network explanation
authors: leroux, kelly; brandenburger, paul w.; pandey, sanjay k.
abstract: local governments increasingly confront policy problems that span the boundaries of individual political jurisdictions. institutional theories of local governance and intergovernmental relations emphasize the importance of networks for fostering service cooperation among local governments. yet empirical research fails to examine systematically the effects of social networks on interlocal service cooperation. do the individual networks of local government actors increase their jurisdiction's level of interlocal service delivery? drawing data from the national administrative studies project iv (nasp-iv), multivariate analysis is applied to examine this question among 919 municipal managers and department heads across the united states. the findings indicate that interlocal service cooperation increases when jurisdictional actors network frequently through a regional association or council of government and when they are united by a common set of professional norms and disciplinary values. manager participation in professional associations, however, does not increase interjurisdictional cooperation. the key conclusion for local government practitioners searching for ways to increase collaboration: networks that afford opportunities for more face-to-face interaction yield better results for effective service partnerships.
9. title: the effect of problem severity, managerial and organizational capacity, and agency structure on intergovernmental collaboration: evidence from local emergency management
authors: mcguire, michael; silvia, chris
abstract: like most public managers nowadays, local emergency managers operate within complex, uncertain environments. rapid changes in the scope and severity of the issues increase the extent of intergovernmental collaboration necessary to address such challenges. using a large data set of county emergency management agency directors, variations in intergovernmental collaboration reflect influences from problem severity, managerial capacity, and structural factors. the results demonstrate that public managers who perceive problems as severe, possess specific managerial skills, lead high-capacity organizations, and operate in less complex agency structures collaborate more often and more effectively across governmental boundaries.
10. title: brenda bryant: there is nothing more practical than a good theory
authors: radin, beryl a.
abstract: public administration values the relationship between theory and practice. regrettably, theory and practice are regarded more often than not as separate purviews of two different groups�academics and practitioners�resulting in a perceived gap between the two. the doctorate of public administration program at the university of southern california's washington public affairs center sought to span both worlds. this article by beryl a. radin of american university profiles one of its graduates, brenda l. bryant. the author traces her career development, experience in the doctoral program, as well as subsequent professional activities, ultimately highlighting why �there is nothing more practical than a good theory.�
11. title: the conditions of care: reframing the debate about public sector ethic
authors: stens�ta, helena olofsdotter
abstract: while a growing body of research argues for increased attention to ethics within public administration, scholars diverge on how to conceptualize the character of public ethics. likewise, empirical evidence regarding the role that ethics plays in the quality of service delivery is rare. the author argues that the concept of a public ethics of care is useful for public administration in welfare states. she examines the idea empirically through a large-n analysis of frontline bureaucrats within the swedish social insurance administration. the analysis develops two general measures of a public ethics of care as well as a public ethics of justice. the author proceeds to show a clear presence of an ethics of care in the swedish public sector. further, analysis shows that these two ethics measures are supplementary, not contradictory, and that age is the main individual determinant behind ethics of care, strongly correlating with number of years in office. the conclusion underscores how public ethics of care results from acquired experience in fulfilling care-oriented tasks.
12. title: did max weber's agony and ecstasy influence his scholarship?
authors: raadschelders, jos c. n.
abstract: when exploring the intellectual history of a discipline, one cannot help but wonder about the �real� person behind the scholarship. to what extent do personal life experiences influence a scholar's theories, conceptualizations, and expectations? max weber, the german scholar whose intellectual curiosity was, at least partially, inspired by strong personal anxieties, became one of the most influential social scientists of the twentieth century. his own intellectual and personal obsessions, along with the efforts of his wife and colleagues to present his work to a larger audience, had much to do with who he was, as well as the body of scholarship that he created.
13. title: comment on laurence e. lynn, jr., �restoring the rule of law to public administration: what frank goodnow got right and leonard white didn�t,� and donald p. moynihan,��our usable past�: a historical contextual approach to administrative values,�
authors: arnold, david s.
abstract: a letter to the editor is presented in response to two articles on public administration, one by laurence e. lynn, jr. and one by donald p. moynihan, in the september/october 2009 issue.
14. title: letter to the editor of public administration review in response to a recent symposium on financial regulatory reform
authors: lodge, martin; wegrich, kai
abstract: the article presents a letter to the editor in response to a symposium on financial regulatory reform published in a 2009 issue of the journal.
�nn/ffnċ0
16. title: perspectives on knowledge converted into action
authors: anechiarico, frank; smith, dennis c.
abstract: the article reviews the book "performance measurement: building theory, improving practice," edited by patria de lancer julnes and marc holzer.
17. title: the human capital phenomenon: putting people first
authors: condrey, stephen e
abstract: this article reviews two books: "human capital: tools and strategies for the public sector," by sally coleman selden, and "building more effective organizations: hr management and performance in practice," edited by ronald j. burke and cary l. cooper.
18. title: challenges and related implications of the american corrections system
authors: williams, brian n.
abstract: the article reviews the books "releasing prisoners, redeeming communities: reentry, race & politics" by anthony c. thompson, "barriers to reentry? the labor market for released prisoners in post-industrial america" edited by shawn d. bushway, michael a. stoll, and david. f wieman, and "managing risk in jails" by mark d. martin and claire lee reiss.
19. title: the european union and the european states
authors: dimitrova, antoaneta l.
abstract: the article reviews the book "democracy in europe: the eu & national polities," by vivien a. schmidt.
20. title: sclerotic and starved government?
authors: goodsell, charles t.
abstract: the article reviews the book "the warping of government work," by john d. donahue.
21. title: the troubling history of regulating reproduction
authors: levine, aaron d.
abstract: the article reviews the book "fatal misconception: the struggle to control world population," by matthew connelly.
22. title: innumeracy in a world of numbers
authors: moynihan, donald p.
abstract: the article reviews two books: "the$&./1458;=>?aj����ƕƕƕ����qi\n@0hvi�hu<�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h s5�ojqj^jh�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo( h
2e5�cjojqj^jajo(h
2e5�cjojqj^jaj h5�cjojqj^jajo( h=3 5�cjojqj^jajo(#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj&h sh�e�5�cjojqj^jajo(#h sh s5�cjojqj^jaj>?@��p
q
�
�
��$r12����3`��������������������������gd�psgd)w�gd$?�gdto�gd�l$gd%j,gdu<�gd�"�$a$gd�"��x��������o
p
q
r
s
y
z
�
�
�
�
�����tg\na�\4\h/g�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jo(h�l$h�l$5�ojqj^jhap5�ojqj^jh�l$5�ojqj^jo(h%j,5�ojqjo(0h�h[rb*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h sb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�hu<�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh hvi�hu<�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h s5�ojqj^jhicy5�ojqj^jh�"�hu<�5�ojqj^j�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
��������#�����⮗~sfxjz�h�psh�ps5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�ps5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(0h�h%j,b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h sb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h$?�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh hvi�h$?�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�h s5�ojqj^jh$?�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h$?�5�ojqj^j23;<_`ij������������ȸ��z�obtfb8*hvi�hr7a5�ojqj^jh.m�h�o�5�ojqj^jhr7ahr7a5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jhr7a5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(-h�h sb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jhvi�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h s5�ojqj^jh�ps5�ojqj^jo(h�psh�ps5�ojqj^jhvi�h�ps5�ojqj^j����4c�!�!r"�"�'�'�(�(� � � ,�.�.2/x/�3�3�3
4��������������������������gd�s�gd�_gdlz�gd|�gd)w�gdr7a���
�������34=bclm�!���ŷ���|oaso�es�ŷ8�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hvi�h|�5�ojqj^jh|�h|�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh|�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(-h�h�o�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jhvi�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h�o�5�ojqj^jhvi�hvi�5�ojqj^jhr7ahr7a5�ojqj^j�!�!�!�!�!""2"q"r"["t"�"�"�"�"�'�'�'�'�'��������}���m_r;����-h�h�o�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jhvi�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hvi�hlz�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�h�o�5�ojqj^jhlz�5�ojqj^jo(hlz�hlz�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�o�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh �'�'�'�(�(�(�(�(�(�(� � � � � � � � �����o�dwj<.wh�s�h�s�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�o�5�ojqj^jo(h�s�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(-h�he:fb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jhvi�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jhvi�h�_5�ojqj^jh.m�he:f5�ojqj^jh�_5�ojqj^jo(h�_h�_5�ojqj^j� � � � � � ,,,
,,�.�.�.�.�.���ⱥ檜�lulj=0h�o�5�ojqj^jo(h�s�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(-h�he:fb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh[h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h[h[5�ojqj^jh�s�h�s�5�ojqj^jh[h�s�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�he:f5�ojqj^j�.�.�.�./1/2/:/;/w/x/`/a/b/�3�3�3�3���ƚ��ȏ�jq:q/�h�~�5�ojqjo(-h�he:fb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh[h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h[5�ojqj^jh[h�s�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�he:f5�ojqj^jh�s�5�ojqj^jo(h�s�h�s�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^j�3�3�3�3�3�3�3�3 4
4444�6�6�6���ʼ�ף��nu>u3h)w�5�ojqjo(-h�he:fb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh[h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh[h�s�5�ojqj^jh.m�he:f5�ojqj^jh�s�5�ojqj^jo(h�s�h�s�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�o�5�ojqj^jo(
4�6�6�7�7�8�89;9�9�9::�:�:<<j<f<l=m=�=�=d?e?{?�?@���������������������������gd
�gdmw�gd�d�gd)w��6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 7,7h7i7k7l7d7f7u7v7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7���ʽ���������������������vf�m0h�h�d�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh h$?�h�d�5�ojqj^jo(h�d�5�ojqj^jhmw�h�d�5�ojqj^jhaph�d�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h�d�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h�d�5�ojqj^jh�d�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h�d�5�ojqj^jh�"�h�d�5�ojqj^jh�o�5�ojqj^jo(h�,�5�ojqj^jo(�7�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8999:9;9��ķ����seszj�z:h$?�h�d�5�ojqj^jo(h�r�h�d�5�ojqj^jo(h�d�5�ojqj^jh�wh�d�5�ojqj^jh.m�h�d�5�ojqj^jh�d�5�ojqj^jo(h�z2h�d�5�ojqj^jh�"�h�d�5�ojqj^jh�o�5�ojqj^jo(h�,�5�ojqj^jo(h�d�5�ojqjo(0h�h�d�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h�d�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh ;9d9e9�9�9:::::$:&:f:�:�:�:�:�:�:��ͷ����vhxj?xhj?/h.m�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�he:f5�ojqj^jh.m�hmw�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�hmw�5�ojqj^jh.m�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�,�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h�s�5�ojqj^jo(h�io5�ojqjo(h�,�5�ojqjo(*h�d�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h�d�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h�d�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h�d�5�ojqj^j�:�:�:�:
<<<<<<<*<i<j<s<e<f<n<o<p<�ֽ�����p\i6\pi\�ֽ$hi
9hap5�b*ojqj^jph$hi
9h/;,5�b*ojqj^jph'hi
9h
�5�b*ojqj^jo(ph$hi
9h
�5�b*ojqj^jph!h�,�5�b*ojqj^jo(ph#hi
9h)w�5�b*ojqjo(ph-h�he:fb*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh $hi
9h)w�5�b*ojqj^jphp<k=l=m=o=q=w=x=�=�=�=�=�=�=�=��ķ����uewug9h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hmw�h
�5�ojqj^jh[h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�h�825�ojqj^jh
�5�ojqj^jo(h
�h
�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�,�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h/;,b*ojqj^jajmh phsh �=�=�=c?d?e?g?i?o?p?z?{?�?�?�?�?�?�?@�ϸϭ���wiyk@0��ϸh$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jhmw�hjmi5�ojqj^jh[h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h�825�ojqj^jh)w�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�,�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(-h�h�82b*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh @@
@@@@@9@:@c@w@x@`@a@b@�@�@�@�@��������zo_�h�1���-h�h�82b*ojqj^jajmh phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h$?�h�7a5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jhmw�h�7a5�ojqj^jh�r�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h.m�h�825�ojqj^jh)w�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^jh�,�5�ojqj^jo(h)w�5�ojqjo(0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh @
@:@x@�@�@�@a�a�a�a�a�x�x�������������gd�e=gd�z2gd�7agd)w�
�@�@�@�@�@�@�@�@aaaaa�a�a�a�a�a���ƚ�㽝�x_h_;�h�,�5�ojqj^jo(-h�h�82b*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh -h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h�r�h�z25�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�h�825�ojqj^jh�z25�ojqj^jo(h�z2h�z25�ojqj^jh�"�h)w�5�ojqj^j�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�abx�x�x�x���ʼ�ڬ��|z|�oh�e=5�ojqjo(u-h�h�82b*ojqj^jajmh phsh 0h�h)w�b*ojqj^jajmh o(phsh h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(h$?�h)w�5�ojqj^jh.m�h)w�5�ojqj^jo(hap5�ojqj^jh.m�h�825�ojqj^jh)w�5�ojqj^jo( drunkard's walk: how randomness rules our lives" by leonard mlodinow, and "useless arithmetic: why environmental scientists can't predict the future" by orrin h. pilkey and linda pilkey-jarvis.
01�82p��. ��a!�"�#��$��%��s������n@��nck�e$1$a$$cjkhpj_hajmh nhsh th$a@���$؞���k=�w[sobi���bnf�h�?@��pq����$ r 1
2
�
�
��3`�����4c��r���� � �#�#�#$�&�&2'x'� � �
,�.�.�/�/�0�01;1�1�1�1�12g2�2�2 3<3b4c4�4�466q6r6�6�67.7�7�7�7�7_8`8�8�8�9�9�0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���@0���@0���@0���0���@0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0���0��>?@��pq����$ r 1
2
�
�
��3`�����4c��r���� � �#�#�#$�&�&2'x'� � �
,�.�/�/�01;1�12g2�2�2 3<3b4c4�4�466q6r6�6�67.7�7�7�7�7_8`8�8�8�9�9��00�z�00�z�00�z�00 �z�00�z�00z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�x�00�x�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�0(0\�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�0:0j�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�0@0d�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�0x0 �z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�z�00�x�00�z�00���
#52��!�'� �.�3�6�7;9�:p<�=@�@�a�x!$%&'(* ,-./12345679:�
4@�x")08�x#- f p �9x����citationj�9��9����� � ���&�!��� �"��l&�#���z�$��\�%����&��ܪ'���(��\�)����*��ܫ ���,��\�-����.��ܬ/���0��\�1����2��ܭ������((wwh%h%v%�%�%�%a6a6j6�6�9
����,,��r%i%i%�%�%�%i6p6p6�6�9
9*�urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags�place�=*�urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags �placetype�=*�urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags �placename�b
*�urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags�country-region���#
{�����%1?"()/�������������py[ajw��$�������#�#�%�%;'c'l'w'� � ,, /'/d/h/i/e/f/u/v/�0�0.151�1�1"2-2�2�2�2�2)303�5�5�5�5z6c6e6n67!799y99�9�9�9qx3�"�"c/e/�01n5�5�5�5�93333333$ r � � �#$�011;1�12�4�4q6r6�8�8�9�0�0�9��q04e��n[g],-�o�����`<|��o";0ri1�%�rrsui��w�i�={u�,� uz*�m� �r=��-9h�s��eme�.~��
{r�v�4�1l2q �"�iaha��og>�u��`�1_%v��nh{��q��u�3�d]-�z:kkkkn;�q0�<�?*�7��:a��^b� �l{��2h�(�#!�q��m4-cqrrs�4>�p]�sao-�?��yn�b~i�(��)ib��>!]�.�`
rv:g&>!��}n!�l��2�"�0r��\�|�md-%;�blrbr]�a
6ji� ��vj�`�[jo 5j90�ry �:[�
k 3q-r�jx 8i� tp� k�|�2~�
��y��k�
?i��� *�?=��#??*�@�4le�dw"
���z�g�kd�2�^e�-h�x�w��t�bs &�x�-z�y��w�i�>�:-��u
kkkkdw"
q�x�-h�
k^r�
�^�vxb�
�=#�/y�pur ����
��'ff�x-z�d�y�(��)fk{z��fv��-�p�'�e��4�!~q�2h`�?i��be��@��fk-<"��l�q�u��y/�x{��]^�~76=&����`
[� ��rh&<�^��oc!��d{�/�"���[��h�2��d���t��w�8i� (f�tl(����}�t�a9�~�8��7l��4�";�g)n��p7v}g�xd|��&�h�w�a�g�b�u�d\*�)#jb�l�d�
)r�}��w�gl$l��r�qh� v���/xcz.�^m~;�|p%�fzps7l�ps�#���<>)��s��vj��h5h 5� a�l[�x� xcz�be�yfdxl�y��raj>�n�cr%v��h�a9�� !`��}<�q�}q =�7y]��r�-��.��zf�7��
�e�o[kh,~�hmpm~�mg�=�j��>m�?[%��'w�jo8�l�y2\gqwez ��p]74�`a��m�!�|z��z:�*��b!�g;cq�qq�h�nk^r a�x�t
an�gap�y8��x���s��d���z��j�vzq��t\
~��av'po�_m4�i�w��tkpb�`
rq1��yn�pur �p}��� urep�&>!�z[fxx)!�b!x{�ec!�t�k��oc!�v�>b(p!� ]!�3�l��!nr�q�m�!�j#�g-�!�f�d�[z"�u&z�6'�"�zy�q �"ji�_��m�"� ]!�&�"�)��/�"|z�s\�"=v�g��~#�)9~��k#�� �i3#�#?�=#�i\;�j#p%�sh�#���2k�#�|�#ry �ps�#pb��9�#�sa�d $��yj!4$�`�%�qg$�ep$�"e<@v�$:*�$�[��p�$�]'��?[>�?z]%�`�%vd�i1�%�lyk-,�%�,�=��l�%�z�@�x�%�!0��e&poq�bs &�b*&t�(6=&�'w�rh&2\�qp&nyvc��t�&��&�]'�ep$�tw�'~d:(�r�'�kl��>�'��5�l�'�taz��w(r�@�~d:(�_(it~tl(�x�,�dm�(�t�(�pi�(��]�a#�(�j�`�<>)^e��w)!,�f���)�l�%��)mq{�"*�^�i��le*^l�x�ne*n9��^�*�:8t��[? �v ��o�(s� qh� �`� q�f�� {p���c,@�i��#,�dq[mk, @p�qb,�d&d��,�>m��x�,�{u�,�@�q>,-�m4-rt�h�fk-�r�-�j�n�2@�-�ggc���-x*�y���->o.-dt��t�.��z]�.�x��<}7/d|���y/ds}���/: o=tj�/0�u0{z�o�!0�ran 0gy|�5j90�$�}�;1�0��efw2
�z��>2"o�m�29!"e�w�2�f\�h�2n�~�w�3ui�� �3dj�u�3��x@�4�;�4�d5��p�4@l�5h 5�^b^�
-a5�pv5�d5tw�'��5��5md-�b�5i�d��v�5
-a5�a
6�`d�#6ghch�81�6�&7��6�a�r!�6q1���@�6xx�6)1:t�&7�x�\�~74\�7bd9t=r�7��gr
f8c�]��jo8�~�8���8��b�n9?oi�q�9�a:�kx_�s�:kkkk�3�:�!�q�o";�4mjjo;�i\;�%�|c;�q��viu;�ru�;�~7�[u�u�`fr>�>�'i�>r]��v�>lrb�mt?<#iq!{�?p[5=�tf�?�t�&�?�*��o-�?�mt?�s�?
u|3e�?�-x{�8�?�@}��*.}@��)��-�@�t�`�r�@g��z�@z]%hag;��:a�s6ay8���doahu�(�a�le*�&e�ana��.�an���a�$,&d]�l�d|1�q�i�dbl#g�>e�\���ez�v�n�e�v ��'�e�#�c�hfs�]�=bdf�^^n��z[f�y���f�"�o w~g� l`�#�g�{9=��g=v�g�o�t�{s
h�-h�pv5p@h�og�ghch'\l��&�h�t�e�hoaq�!~q��y#%�q@gku�nr�q�q��qqg$�r)b;r�,�q��0hr�l��zwr�
{r;1�0��y{r�i�r�� �(u�r�$atxcsfzps8ts)b;r��ts�#�g3%�s�{�s�;�4��g/t�4>�:8t�gn�bd9t]z[t� �m��td $�`�t�s��,!u�rdi�@gku�u0
g�u���uxcs>�uc;�rxyyv�d�^�v4�o�v�j$w�w�w�6�x�m�2:3�x�q�y���x�3�:�^l�x\<�jg�xq>,- q�x�}<��x_/,j�zy��t��`-y<myv��q�yv^mc���y<z�&xfk{z�kd
�zhp��[�enx�:[�=�^�`
[�0�[(>y��f\�?\i�(��\�m��x�\~�f<1/�\�s���7y]�>aqs�]���c�]hv�i���]viu;�]^ph$^�^b^�`.�^�=�^�1_�kx_�a9�ji�_l{�� !`�qb,�� l`�y`� ��t�`�=�}�j�`�qq��u�`�>�`_m�t
a��&na[mk,�9a��q���a��5��>�asq�y�3j�a�zwr�a�t�3b@�z��)ib�u~b1�h��u�b�~#�%;�b@v�$03cd.�b�ggcg-�!�va�c�^����c(�a�u�c�0hr��#�c�j$wvd0q|�`d�d&d�@�m�f�d,-�zn�d�|�#�9!"e2k�#�g e�/e� *^ee����l\e�>e��eme�hgqwe�u
�t�edu�efd��&fji�,\f<}7/��zfs{tq�f3%�s!,�fqx{~�fxx�6�a�f6�f<z�bl#g�^blkqg�j9r��g8|k=�z�g�-9h�k?oi�u�<mebi�rdi�b*&��b~i�y{r4�i�`-y�^�ix�u�nf�i�~7djtj�/v,�j�8�?w�j�`�t�=�j�4�q\<�j�dk�g�tkzl!{�?�klv:g��3�l<|�<ie�lj l�^(m��k�z*�ma�� �m�hn�y`�gn��!�g)nfr>��^^nv��,mn�kj>�nh#�n�gv'po�
���"�o�"�o6gp�e�oh��.�o�r��v�omg���o]z[thptf�?(ap(s� @p�[? bep=r�7�c�p�qp&��dq�vzq� �<#iq�!�q� ���qq =��,�q�w�#!�q{s
h�4�q�a�f�l�q|1�q6s�~r�q3q-rie�l��j9r �3�c;�rn[g� �r�-�@�y0�sb(p!��s{fm-dt�y�)1:to
�v�$at�6�x� 0w?0w?0w?0w?�.�t�/e��t(ap�}�t�o�t�u2�&xph$^�enx[�x,mnf�x&xn
�x�0�<�=.y6�f�� oyrgox*�y�x�u��yd]-sq�y7���yxl�y�t�.��y];yw��y�w��u&z�*n{��tazr=��whkzjx �.tzji��z@�z�.�o���z�`�o��%�z�q�wv{�nh{$,&d�*n{�s�?mq{
hr{��6�jbs{�-x{qx{�@�6m�{�d��0q|�~�vgy|��s�
u|�[|�w)�\�| w~g;�|�g ek�|�.�t�y>�|b�5�ds}xyyv�p}�r>�$�}dm�(�m�}j<�v��=�}jbs{�q�}\
~�=�h,~03c��)9~whkzit~�;�~j{�~0�n�n�~l�s{t�<(>y\*�4e�z �j�{p�4\�7��(k�i����x��m�j����l:[�rw2 r� �p
j^�n�_atap�wb���.h sh�to>s=3 �r#�l$�}&�m'�m(/;,%j,�p.�i/�82�z2'4�6cj8i
9�9�e=jj@r7a�nd�ude:f0i%man sgy�py�^5a�7ahc
2e�qf�)gjmi�ckalthl�io[r�psi1vyw�wicy�x}�/�� �wt�mw��=��`�nj�l�.~�v��
��~��o�du�to�4��m��d��2�)w�lz��c�7�u<�[��r��������@��x�v��\�a�vi�|w�r�����$?��
��!�s/��o����8�/g�*�|d��-��_��f�.m��,��r��c�7"��s����"�gl�h��-���
��"�w�p����y����e�`-�|��@��0�0,�3�0�04�1�2�8�9@@@:@x@@�@��unknown������������g��z ��times new roman5��symbol3&��z ��arial7&�� �verdana;���[sosimsun q��hj"ㆹ:� �1h�1h!-!),.:;?]}���� & 6"0000 00
00000��� ������=�@�\�]�^���([{� 0
000000��;�[����������2}9}9 2�qhx(��?�����������������������"�2��public administration reviewuserlwy�������oh�� '��0l������� �
(4
@lt\d� public administration reviewusernormallwy3microsoft office word@v�a@d��;��@�}�����1����՜.�� ,��d��՜.�� ,����
x`t|�������microsofth}9'� 8@_pid_hlinks�axg9http://dj.iciba.com/anonymous/s
!"#$%&'()* ,-./0123456789:;<=����?@abcde����ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqr����tuvwxyz����|}~������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������root entry�������� �f�$������data
������������>1table����f�xworddocument����2zsummaryinformation(������������sdocumentsummaryinformation8��������{compobj������������m������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
���� �fmicrosoft office word �ĵ�
msworddocword.document.8�9�q