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��ࡱ�>�� xz����w��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������u �r��abjbj�n�n2d��a��a�; �������""������������8�d]�:slyyyyy����r�r�r�r�r�r�r$�t�\w<�r-�������r��yy4�r����j�y�y�r���r���y����@����'������(��r s0:s��wf�w��l4�w�yo4���������r�re����:s�������������������������������������������������������������������������w���������"q s: nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly volume 52, issue 6, december 2023 1. title: individual- and community-level factors associated with voluntary participation authors: marcus m. lam, nathan j. grasse, lindsey m. mcdougle abstract: voluntary participation in local groups or organizations varies by individual and across communities. few studies examine the influence of structural resources on voluntary participation, with prior studies often considering it a single, binary action. drawing from three data sources, we examined the extent to which individual-level and community-level factors�including the presence of nonprofit organizations�were associated with voluntary participation. we model participation as two distinct actions and estimate the likelihood of respondents participating in one organization or group compared with the likelihood of participating in multiple organizations or groups. we found individual characteristics such as homeownership, marriage, and better health were associated with participation in only one group or organization. identifying as white, having some college education, more children per household, and church attendance were positively associated with participating in one group or organization and subsequent participation. at the community level, nonprofit density was positively associated with voluntary participation. 2. title: how charitable were the elites of the dutch golden age? authors: marco h. d. van leeuwen, pamala wiepking, henk looijesteijn abstract: we study the charitable behavior of the wealthiest individuals in a very affluent and unequal society, that of the dutch during their �golden age� (late 16th to the 17th centuries). did these wealthy elites share their prosperity with those less fortunate? using rare data from printed sources and wills located in archives, we study their inter vivos giving as well as their charitable bequests. our study shows that the elites were surprisingly uncharitable: only 15% made documented life-time gifts, and their bequests were valued around 1% of their wealth. charity was embedded in the whole social fabric save the frugal top. our results show that burghers made more documented life-time gifts than those belonging to the nobility and regent classes. in addition, those belonging to a religious minority as well as those without children gave more. we conclude our article with implications and limitations of elite philanthropy for society. 3. title: lower prices for customers, and less charity care? the prospects for mixed-market competition with nonprofit and hybrid firms authors: eleanor brown, claire qing fan abstract: in recent years, the emergence of new legal forms allowing for-profit firms to incorporate with a formal commitment to both profit and social purpose has disrupted the traditional american business-charity dichotomy. the arrival of these hybrid firms can be expected to affect the functioning of markets and poses a potential challenge to the role played by large nonprofits that provide quasi-public services such as education and health care. we construct duopoly models of competition between a nonprofit firm and either a traditional for-profit firm or a hybrid firm, simultaneously choosing output levels of a homogeneous good. we show that when the nonprofit competes with a hybrid firm it becomes less competitive in the sense that its output level contracts, it raises less net revenue with which to fund charity care, and it is more easily driven out of the market. 4. title: do donors penalize nonprofits with higher non-program costs? a meta-analysis of donor overhead aversion authors: chiako hung, mark a. hager, yuan tian abstract: disparate research on overhead aversion and nonprofit starvation can benefit from a conceptual model that explains their relationships. following resurrection of such a model, we focus on one important piece: the relationship between overhead spending and nonprofit donations. studies on this topic have produced inconclusive results. our meta-analysis clarifies the relationship by synthesizing a sample of 30 original studies with 244 effect sizes. we uncover a negative association suggesting that donors penalize nonprofits with higher overhead costs. moreover, our meta-regression models reveal that experimental designs detect higher donor aversion than studies that use other research designs and that amateur donors have more intense overhead aversion than professional donors. however, studies that measure administrative costs do not report more negative effects than studies that measure both administrative and fundraising costs. the overall contribution of the meta-analysis solidifies the conceptual link between reported capacity costs and funders� giving decisions, a key arc in the nonprofit starvation cycle. 5. title: the relationship between microfinance mission drift and financial returns to stakeholders authors: carlos serrano-cinca, yolanda fuertes-call�n, beatriz cu�llar-fern�ndez abstract: some microfinance institutions (mfis) can drift from their social mission, generating well-studied effects for their borrowers. we focus on the lesser-known effect of mission drift on the financial return to other stakeholders (employees, government, micro-savers, and banking creditors). using a sample of 534 mfis, we calculated the economic value distributed by the mfi to these stakeholders by considering salaries, taxes, and interest paid. we found a negative relationship between average loan size and return to employees (rte), government, and banking creditors, and a positive relationship between women borrowers and rte and government. this is explained by the fact that mission-focused mfis are usually small, labor-intensive institutions with a stable business model. we found a positive relationship between average loan size and return to micro-savers, and a negative relationship between women borrowers and return to micro-savers. the reason is that many mission-focused mfis do not offer micro-savings, undermining financial inclusion. 6. title: volunteer engageability: a conceptual framework authors: liora arnon, michal almog-bar, ram a. cnaan abstract: in this article, we introduce the concept of �engageability,� which refers to the ability of volunteer-employing nonprofit organizations to engage, motivate, and manage volunteers to maximize their potential and sustain the volunteering human resource. engageability conceptually complements the two well-established concepts of volunteerability and recruitability. by offering this conceptual framework, we enable volunteer-employing organizations to assess the degree to which they are engaging volunteers and to make improvements in this regard. engageability questions how organizations that have already recruited volunteers make themselves volunteer-friendly and engage volunteers effectively. based on the literature, we offer a comprehensive framework that considers a large set of organizational practices from germane to engageability, framing them into four fundamental clusters: (a) value-based (ideological), (b) managerial, (c) physical, and (d) supportive connections. we introduce the conceptual model and provide explanation for each cluster and each with-cluster organizational practices and discuss the potential contribution of this conceptual model. 7. title: giving to matthew, emily, jose, or maria: a field study examining the impact of race and gender on donation requests authors: amanda l. woods, felix y. wu, michelle r. hebl abstract: across the world, many individuals, organizations, and communities rely on the charitable contributions of others to meet critical needs. however, receiving aid can be challenging if donors discriminate against solicitors based on their demographic characteristics. we examined the potential impact of two of such characteristics, namely, the solicitor�s race and gender, by soliciting contributions from 162 dentist offices through phone calls, manipulating race (latino/white) and gender (male/female) of the caller. we analyzed differences between race and gender on the likelihood of receiving donations and interpersonal interactions rated by blind coders. logistic regression results revealed latinos were significantly less likely to receive donations than whites, and women were marginally more likely to receive donations than men. multivariate analysis of variance results indicated, however, that latinos received significantly better interpersonal treatment than whites. results show support for patronization theory extended to the solicitation context. implications of these findings and future directions for research are discussed. 8. title: impact of experienced regret on donation willingness: advertising appeal and framing effect authors: jiansheng tang, heming gong, xuemei bian, chundong zheng, xiaoxuan yang abstract: donors often experience donation regret caused by charity wrongdoings and mismanagement, which will reduce future donation willingness. the literature has not fully delineated the underlying mechanism of donors� response to experienced regret. the effective advertising appeal and message framing which could be used to mitigate the detrimental impact of experienced donation regret also remain unknown. this research dissects the impact of experienced regret on donation willingness by revealing the mediational effect of anticipated regret and the moderating role of advertising appeal (altruistic vs. egoistic) and message framing (gain- vs. loss-framed). the findings of two studies demonstrate that experienced regret negatively influences donation willingness through anticipated regret. compared with egoistic appeals, altruistic appeals are more effective in extenuating the impacts of experienced regret. gain-framed (compared with loss-framed) messages better mitigate anticipated regret and result in a higher level of willingness to donate. in addition to theoretical contributions, actionable practical implications are discussed. 9. title: the emergence and evolution of digital social ventures in dublin, ireland authors: sheila m. cannon, raymond dart abstract: digital social ventures are initiatives that intend to transformatively engage social and environmental problems through the application of digital technology and are a new phenomenon found globally. while the broad influence and consequences of disruptive digital technology are increasingly taken for granted, very little research focuses on the deliberate use of digital technology for social purpose. this study is situated within three areas of literature: disruption caused by digital innovations, the use of digital technology by social purpose organizations, and social entrepreneurship. the process of digital social venture emergence and evolution shows how flashy-sounding technological solutions develop into more modest and incrementally useful tech-supported adjuncts. a preliminary framework for conceptualizing the nature and process of digital social ventures shows how a schumpeterian approach to social entrepreneurship as disrupting equilibrium gives way to a hayekian approach as drawing on local, embedded knowledge to achieve incremental change. 10. title: the effect of state minimum wage increases on nonprofit organizations authors: steven balsam, connie x. mao, min xu, yinge (jack) zhang abstract: the impact of minimum wage increases on employment has been extensively examined with mixed results. we extend the literature by hypothesizing and showing a differential impact of state-level minimum wage increases on nonprofit organizations as opposed to for-profit organizations. while we find that increases in minimum wages reduce employment growth in both types of organizations, this decrease is substantially larger for nonprofit organizations. we also find that investment in automation, that is, information technology, rises in nonprofits postminimum wage increase, consistent with the substitution of capital for labor. minimum wage increases also increase the likelihood of nonprofit exit. 11. title: institutionalizing voluntary blood donation: explaining the cross-national variance in the approval of paid blood or plasma donation in europe authors: sam gorleer, piet bracke, lesley hustinx abstract: inspired by the analytical shift toward understanding altruism from an institutional perspective, this article presents an empirical analysis of the impact of institutionalized solidarity on attitudes toward payment for blood or plasma donations, in terms of both the level of welfare provision and confidence in the welfare system. postulating that institutionalized solidarity is intertwined with group-based solidarity, this article offers a more refined understanding of the relationship between institutional context and attitudes toward paid donation by incorporating measures of social cohesion in the analysis. based on eurobarometer data from 2014, the results indicate that support for cash payment for donation is lower in european countries where social spending is higher. similarly, aggregated levels of trust in the social security system are associated with less support for payment for donation. these findings point to the importance of institutionalized solidarity for the manifestation of support for non-remunerated blood and plasma donation. 12. title: improving location decisions for charity retailers: applying operations research and customer discovery authors: caroline e. w. glackin, burcu adivar abstract: this study provides a novel methodology at the nexus of customer discovery and business analytics for critical location decisions charity retailers with circular supply chains face. it integrates spatial network analysis with customer discovery and multicriteria decision-making. traditional analyses are primarily based on customer location but for donated goods applying customer discovery and expert judgment and systematic analysis of data prevails. this integration provides an agile approach to producing optimal alternative locations, which can be applied to habitat for humanity restore, and goodwill industries, and similar organizations globally. this cross-disciplinary approach is practical and cost-effective and can increase efficiency, decrease risks, and strengthen organizational buy-in. it categorizes the drivers affecting location decisions and combines the current business model search techniques and an overall analytical framework to create the expert knowledge and evidence-based location methodology (ekelm). �n n/ffnċ� 13. title: for-profit philanthropy: elite power & the threat of limited liability companies, donor-advised funds, & strategic corporate giving authors: nora reikosky abstract: the article reviews the book  for-profit philanthropy: elite power and t()02:;=ehjklnwk������ʸʸʸ���~qcuju=chj�5�ojqj^jo(h�7�5�ojqj^jh��h��5�ojqj^jh�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo(h�]5�cjojqj^jajh 2e5�cjojqj^jaj#h�7�h�7�5�cjojqj^jaj#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj h$-�5�cjojqj^jajo(#h��h��5�cjojqj^jaj)klm��b c � � ��/w��?n��d���������������������������gd�psgd)w�gd$?�gdto�gd�l$gd%j,gdu<�gd�"�$a$gdt4������a b c d f l m � � � � � � � � 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