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��ࡱ�>�� z\����y��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������u �r��bjbj�n�n2,��a��a� �������""������������8�4-��nlaaaaauuuancncncncncncn$.p��rfgn�uuuuugn��aa4|n���ub�a�aan�uan���a����@� �b������(�-n�n0�n�*s�l*s���0*s�9k�uu�uuuuugngn xuuu�nuuuu��������������������������������������������������������������������*suuuuuuuuu"q s: journal of political economy volume 131, issue 3, march 2023 1. title: risk-sharing externalities. authors: bocola, luigi; lorenzoni, guido. abstract: financial crises typically occur because firms and financial institutions are highly exposed to aggregate shocks. we propose a theory to explain these exposures. we study a model where entrepreneurs can issue state-contingent claims to consumers. even though entrepreneurs can use these instruments to hedge negative shocks, they do not necessarily do so because insuring against these shocks is expensive, as consumers are also harmed by them. this effect is self-reinforcing because riskier balance sheets for entrepreneurs imply higher income volatility for the consumers, making insurance more costly in equilibrium. we show that this feedback is quantitatively important and leads to inefficiently high risk exposure for entrepreneurs. 2. title: what do employee referral programs do? measuring the direct and overall effects of a management practice. authors: friebel, guido; heinz, matthias; hoffman, mitchell; zubanov, nick. abstract: employee referral programs (erps) are randomly introduced in a grocery chain. on direct effects, larger referral bonuses increase referral quantity but decrease quality, though the increase in referrals from erps is modest. however, the overall effect of having an erp is substantial, reducing attrition by 15% and significantly decreasing labor costs. this occurs, partly, because referrals stay longer than nonreferrals, but, mainly, from indirect effects: nonreferrals stay longer in treated than in control stores. the most supported mechanism for these indirect effects is workers value being involved in hiring. attrition impacts are larger in higher performing stores and better local labor markets. 3. title: mixture choice data: revealing preferences and cognition. authors: dardanoni, valentino; manzini, paola; mariotti, marco; petri, henrik; tyson, christopher j. abstract: mixture choice data consist of the joint distribution of choices of a group of agents from a collection of menus, comprising the implied stochastic choice function plus any cross-menu correlations. when agents are heterogeneous with respect to both preferences and other aspects of cognition, we show that these two determinants of behavior are identified simultaneously by suitable mixture choice data. we also demonstrate how this finding can be extended to allow for specialized assumptions about cognition, focusing on models of random satisficing thresholds and "quantal fechnerian" choice. 4. title: progressive random choice. authors: filiz-ozbay, emel; masatlioglu, yusufcan. abstract: we introduce a flexible framework to study probabilistic choice that accommodates heterogeneous types and bounded rationality. we provide a novel progressive structure for the heterogeneous types to capture heterogeneity due to varying levels of a behavioral trait. given an order of alternatives, our progressive structure sorts the types by the extent to which they align with this order. unlike the random-utility model, our model uniquely identifies the heterogeneity, allowing policy makers to perform an improved welfare analysis. as a showcase, we provide characterization of a well-studied type of bounded rationality: "less-is-more." in addition, we provide conditions for unique identification of the underlying order for the less-is-more structure. 5. title: when parents decide: gender differences in competitiveness. authors: tungodden, jonas; will�n, alexander. abstract: parents make important choices for their children in many areas of life, yet the empirical literature on this topic is scarce. we study parents' competitiveness choices for their children by combining two large-scale artifactual field experiments with high-quality longitudinal administrative data. we document three main sets of findings. first, parents choose more competition for their sons than daughters. second, this gender difference can largely be explained by parents' beliefs about their children's competitiveness preferences. third, parents' choices predict children's later-in-life educational outcomes. taken together, these findings provide novel evidence on the role of parents in shaping children's long-term outcomes. 6. title: informationally simple incentives. authors: gleyze, simon; pernoud, agathe. abstract: we consider a mechanism design setting in which agents can acquire costly information on their preferences as well as others'. a mechanism is informationally simple if agents have no incentive to learn about others' preferences. this property is of interest for two reasons. first, it is a necessary condition for the existence of dominant-strategy equilibria in the extended game. second, this endogenizes an "independent-private-value" property of the interim information structure. we show that, generically, a mechanism is informationally simple if and only if it satisfies a separability condition that rules out most economically meaningful mechanisms.     $'/0257:<=>@hidef��ʻʻʩ���wobtm?t2hj�5�ojqj^jo(h@kih@ki5�ojqj^j h@kih@kih�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo(h@ t5�cjojqj^jajh 2e5�cjojqj^jaj#h.rh.r5�cjojqj^jajh.r5�cjojqj^jaj#h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jaj 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