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volume 45, issue 3, march 2024
1. title: when firms may benefit from sticking with an old technology
authors: xu li
abstract: how should firms respond to technological discontinuities in order to achieve greater performance? in contrast to most studies that advocate a timely transition from the old to the new technology, this paper posits that in markets where a discontinuous technology exposes customers' latent preference heterogeneity for certain old technology attributes, firms may ultimately experience a performance surge by adhering to the old technology during technological change. explicitly, i theorize a u-shaped relationship within such a market between competitors' increasing adoption of the new technology and the performance of firms that stick with the old technology. this prediction is thoroughly examined using comprehensive data from the traditional chinese medicine industry in china during the 1990s and receives robust empirical support.
2. title: hunting for talent: firm-driven labor market search in the united states
authors: ines black, sharique hasan, rembrand koning
abstract: we analyze firm-driven labor market search, where firms �hunt� for talent rather than rely on workers to apply for vacancies. we leverage three approaches. we develop a model of firm-driven search and derive equilibrium conditions under which firms use this channel. we test our model's predictions using two data sources. data from a nationally representative survey of 10,000 workers shows that the percentage hired through recruiting has increased from 4.9% in 1991 to 14.3% in 2022. this share is larger for higher-skilled workers and those with online profiles on linkedin. we complement this analysis with data on the near universe of online job postings from 2010 through 2020. consistent with our model and worker survey evidence, we find firms that demand higher-skilled workers or operate in labor markets with heavy linkedin use are more likely to �hunt for talent.�
3. title: spinning an entrepreneurial career: motivation, attribution, and the development of organizational capabilities
authors: hyeonsuh lee, sonali k. shah, rajshree agarwal
abstract: we inductively examine how the careers of employee entrepreneurs unfold, uncovering the role of motives and attribution for failure. founders expressing organizational misalignment motives for leaving established organizations engaged in �venture crafting� whereby they actively sought to build well-functioning organizations. they built successful initial ventures and careers. founders lacking organizational misalignment motives generally founded initial ventures that failed: however, those making internal attributions altered their behaviors and built successful careers; in contrast, founders making external attributions continued founding unsuccessful ventures. these findings suggest that building organizational capabilities�and not merely inheriting capabilities from existing organizations�is a cornerstone of building successful entrepreneurial careers. our findings are based on detailed career history and archival data on employee entrepreneurs in the disk-drive industry.
4. title: do financial market frictions hurt the performance of women-led ventures? a meta-analytic investigation
authors: david gaddis ross, dong hyun shin
abstract: extant research offers conflicting views about the size and nature of gender-related disparities in venture financing and venture performance. we theorize that gender-related frictions in debt financing, the most common source of capital for new ventures, materially impair the performance of women-led ventures but that these frictions decline with financial development. we find strong support for these predictions in a meta-analysis of 63 primary studies in which we use financial development to instrument for the impact of gender-related financial frictions on venture performance; in fact, in the absence of gender-related financial frictions, ventures led by women would modestly outperform ventures led by men. we also find that gender-related financial frictions are greater for access to, than the terms of, debt financing.
5. title: community influence on microfinance loan defaults under crisis conditions: evidence from indian demonetization
authors: arzi adbi, matthew lee, jasjit singh
abstract: the microfinance �group lending� approach has achieved widespread success in promoting high rates of repayment, and thus the viability of financial access, in very low-income environments. yet group lending, which relies on social connections between borrowers to reinforce repayment, may be vulnerable under crisis conditions in which defaults are commonplace. we explore this possibility in the context of the liquidity crisis that followed india's 2016 demonetization policy. using proprietary data on the repayment behavior of about two million microfinance borrowers, we find evidence of disproportionate localization of defaults within lending communities. further analysis reveals evidence consistent with borrower-to-borrower spread of defaults not only through formal joint-liability connections but also through informal community-level connections, the latter effect being especially pronounced for borrowers from the same religion.
6. title: demand pull versus resource push training approaches to entrepreneurship: a field experiment
authors: simone santamaria, niloofar abolfathi, ishtiaq pasha mahmood
abstract: we compare the efficacy of two broad approaches to entrepreneurship training: a training prioritizing demand-side activities versus a training prioritizing resource-side activities. we do so by running a field experiment inside a 6-month entrepreneurship program involving 236 early-stage entrepreneurs. inspired by our training, the first group invested more time interacting with potential customers and developing a deep understanding of customer needs and problems. the other group, in contrast, spent more time identifying and exploiting their core resources such as their network. our results reveal that the training prioritizing demand-side activities is substantially more effective. at the end of the program, the group exposed to the demand-side training acquired more than twice the number of customers and generated revenues 65% higher than the other group.
7. title: coaxing corporations: enriching the conceptualization of governments as strategic actors
authors: michael j. gill, david j. gill
abstract: little is known about how governments secure discrete resources from global corporations over which they have limited direct control. utilizing declassified archival sources, we examine how the uk government influenced moody's and standard & poor's to provide the highest possible credit ratings in 1978, despite the uk receiving an international monetary fund bailout 2 years earlier. we develop a process model to explain how democratic government officials employ distinctive processes to enable and facilitate a nonmarket approach of corporate coaxing to influence corporations' decision making. we thereby enrich the concept of gov$&./169;<=?h�����ʸʦʸ��tl_qc6qhj�5�ojqj^jo(h�!h�!5�ojqj^jh�"�hu<�5�ojqj^jh�ud5�ojqj^jo(h�"�h�"�o(&h�"�h�"�5�cjojqj^jajo(h!@�5�cjojqj^jajh
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