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volume 71, issue 2, mar./apr. 2011
1. title: reflections on the spirit and work of the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations.
authors: mcdowell, bruce d.
abstract: what did the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations (acir) accomplish before it was disbanded in 1996? were its accomplishments sufficiently valuable to justify reestablishing the organization? this article reviews the commission's origins, history, and accomplishments, and addresses future intergovernmental needs. the acir's accomplishments were substantial, but are largely unavailable today. lessons learned from the acir suggest the need to (1) recreate a network of intergovernmental advocates within the legislative and executive branches of the federal government; (2) restart the information flows and high-level federal, state, and local policy dialogues that withered after the acir's demise; (3) strengthen boundary-crossing institutions capable of addressing metropolitan and multistate problems; and (4) develop new opportunities to achieve public policy outcomes that can be attained only by the cumulative efforts of federal, state, and local governments working together-often with private parties as well.
2. title: an acir perspective on intergovernmental institutional development.
authors: stenberg, carl w.
abstract: this article traces the creation and demise of the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations (acir) and assesses the prospects for restoring an acir-like capability to the federal system. recent initiatives by the national academy of public administration, the big 7 state and local government official associations, and congress are summarized, and the facilitating and inhibiting factors associated with intergovernmental institutional development are examined. at least three ingredients in the formula that gave birth to the acir in 1959 will need to be present more than 50 years later: (1) support from congressional champions, the president, and public interest groups; (2) visibility and urgency of intergovernmental fiscal and management issues and the need for a permanent intergovernmental presence to address them; and (3) 'homework and spadework' to enlist potential conservative and liberal interest group and think tank backers.
3. title: reflections of a member of the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations.
authors: nathan, richard p.
abstract: there is consensus on the need for a successor to the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations in washington, d.c., but no agreement on how this entity should be organized and funded and what it should do. there are now many players, both organizations and individuals, in the intergovernmental field, and they need to be sorted out. a key distinction is that american federalism is both an idea and an interest, and a new acir should focus on the former as a neutral, independent body with informational, convener, educational, and dissemination functions. we should encourage a discussion and debate on what the new acir should be and how it should be structured in order to bring federalism and intergovernmental relations back to the table in washington.
4. title: the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations: unique artifact of a bygone era.
authors: kincaid, john.
abstract: the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations (acir) befitted an era marked by low party polarization, bipartisanship, and cooperative federalism. although the acir's work was valuable, the growth of federal power, rise of party polarization, and the decline of bipartisanship, along with many other political, governmental, and social changes during its 37-year life (1959-96), marginalized the acir to the point of political vulnerability. these historic changes make it unlikely that the acir will be resurrected in a comparable or partial form.
5. title: the current status and roles of state advisory commissions on intergovernmental relations in the u.s. federal system.
authors: cole, richard l.
abstract: during the 1970s and 1980s, a number of states created entities commonly called advisory commissions on intergovernmental relations (acirs). although as many as half the states at one time or another supported an acir, only about 10 do so today. relying on face-to-face and telephone interviews, e-mail correspondence, website analysis, and mailed surveys of directors and other staff members of active and terminated acirs, this study reports on the organization and structure, staffing and finances, and activities and performance characteristics of the state acirs still viable today. the study attempts to identify factors that seem most related to successful performance of these agencies, as well as to the termination of the agencies. in conclusion, it speculates on the continued role of state acirs.
6. title: 'big questions' about intergovernmental relations and management: who will address them?
authors: kincaid, john; stenberg, carl w.
abstract: fiscal, administrative, and political tensions among the partners in the federal system have not eased, and perhaps have grown, since the demise of the u.s. advisory commission on intergovernmental relations in 1996. yet no governmental organizational capacity exists to address big intergovernmental questions in an ongoing manner through nonpartisan or bipartisan research, data collection, deliberation, and policy formulation.
7. title: public sector labor relations scholarship: is there a 'there,' there?
authors: riccucci, norma m.
abstract: public sector union membership is thriving compared to the private sector. moreover, public employee unions play a significant role in policy making at every level of government. yet research on public sector labor relations is sporadic and uneven, perhaps negligible. why so? this article surveys the literature on public sector unionism and seeks to answer that question. its conclusion points to a course of action for renewing interest in this seminal field among public administration, management, and policy scholars.
8. title: accountability in governance networks: an assessment of public, private, and nonprofit emergency management practices following hurricane katrina.
authors: koliba, christopher j.; mills, russell m.; zia, asim.
abstract: what is the most effective framework for analyzing complex accountability challenges within governing networks? recognizing the multiscale and intersector (public, private, and nonprofit) characteristics of these networks, an accountability model is advanced organized around democratic (elected representatives, citizens, and the legal system), market (owners and consumers), as well as administrative (bureaucratic, professional and collaborative) relationships. this concept draws from 2005 events following hurricane katrina. multiple failures of governing networks to plan for and respond to katrina include a breakdown in democratic, market, and administrative accountability as well as a pervasive confusion over trade-offs between accountability types emerging from crises. this essay offers several useful recommendations for emergency management planners as well as for those who teach and research.
9. title: strengthening efforts to engage the hispanic community in citizen-driven governance: an assessment of efforts in utah.
authors: de lancer julnes, patria; johnson, derek.
abstract: how can the hispanic community in utah strengthen its active engagement in government? interviews by the authors with key government and community-based organization representatives offer evidence on (1) who is being engaged in the hispanic community, (2) what are the barriers to engagement, and (3) which modes of engagement are likely to be effective and under what conditions. findings indicate that only a small elite in the hispanic community is currently involved. even for the elite, engagement is fairly superficial. historical patterns characterize the hispanic community limited interaction. the peculiar nature of utah government also reduces their participation. pragmatic lessons are drawn to enhance substantially improved partnerships, build comprehensive action plans, and strengthen government commitment to civic inclusion that transcend utah and apply to diverse minority communities everywhere.
10. title: waste in the sewer: the collapse of accountability and transparency in public finance in jefferson county, alabama.
authors: howell-moroney, michael e.; hall, jeremy l.
abstract: following failed auctions for sewer debt in april 2008, major bond rating companies downgraded jefferson county, alabama's bond rating to d (default) triggering massive mandatory payments by the county to its creditors. at the time of writing, the county teeters on the brink of actual default and bankruptcy, unable to pay service on its $3.3 billion sewer debt portfolio. if the county defaults, it will be the largest municipal bankruptcy in united states history, eclipsing orange county, california's 1994 default. the intriguingly complex tale of the jefferson county debt crisis is recounted here by identifying and examining failures of transparency and accountability by local bureaucratic and political actors, private financial institutions, as well as the larger regulatory framework governing public finance. enhanced regulation of local government and the financial sector plus greater local government capacity to close accountability gaps and thus prevent future crises of similar scale in this or other jurisdictions are recommended.
11. title: aligning ideologies and institutions: reorganization in the hiv/aids services administration of new york city.
authors: isett, kimberley r.; sparer, michael; glied, sherry a. m.; brown, lawrence d.
abstract: how effective was organizational reform implemented inside one critical new york city health agency? specifically, we examine the extent to which the reorganization of the hiv/aids services administration (hasa) into the medical insurance services administration (micsa) achieved three goals: (1) realizing synergies among the component micsa programs; (2) cross-fertilizing ideas among micsa agencies; and (3) facilitating hasa operations through the lens of organization change theory. qualitative methods including interviews, site visits, and document analysis triangulate the effects of the reorganization. implications for organization change literature are explored, especially highlighting where more theoretical and empirical studies are needed.
12. title: enhancing the legitimacy of local government pandemic influenza planning through transparency and public engagement.
authors: french, p. edward.
abstract: ethical issues in an influenza pandemic often require local government officials to make unprecedented, complex decisions. effective planning with significant input from key community stakeholders is required well ahead of time in order to anticipate and mitigate a serious health crisis. the author evaluates the pandemic plans of 28 large cities across the united states using criteria derived from guidelines issued by the u.s. department of health and human services. the analysis reveals that planning legitimacy can be enhanced by wider transparency and civic engagement, greater opportunities for the inclusion of all stakeholders in decision making, mock community-wide exercises and drills, as well as more public access to comprehensive emergency planning information.
13. title: development of purchasing groups during their life cycle: from infancy to maturity.
authors: schotanus, fredo; bakker, elmer; walker, helen; essig, michael.
abstract: increasingly, public sector organizations collaborate to buy products and services. they collectively form purchasing groups to deliver more value for money. what is the progress of these small-scale developments of public sector purchasing groups to date, in the early phases of their life cycle? although previous research provides general descriptions of life-cycle phases, little attention has been paid to detailed small-scale developments that take place within each life-cycle phase. as a result, little knowledge is available about small-scale developments of purchasing groups. more insight is important in order to better understand how purchasing groups can develop over time from one life-cycle phase into another. three in-depth case studies from different countries offer a unique comparative overview of small-scale developments in these early life-cycle phases for their five dimensions. most small-scale problems follow a predictable path, but the way in which the purchasing groups deal with such problems differs depending on the specific situation of the group.
14. title: prosecuting nazi collaborators and terrorists: eli rosenbaum and managing the office of special investigations.
authors: legge, jerome s.
abstract: this administrative profile charts the remarkable career of eli rosenbaum, currently the director of human rights enforcement strategy and policy in the human rights and special prosecution section of the criminal division in the united states department of justice. until very recently he served as the director of the doj's office of special investigations (osi)that was recently merged into human rights and special prosecutions. he held the osi directorship since 1995 and this essay focuses on his accomplishments as the osi director. the prosecution of nazi collaborators now is situated in human rights and special prosecutions. during the osi directorship, he successfully targeted and prosecuted nazi collaborators as well as global terrorists. mission-specific recruitment and team building by rosenbaum were key factors in his effective leadership at osi. managing this unique agency required affective (emotional) skills in addition to cognitive and technical expertise.
15. title: american indian tribal governance and management: public administration promise or pretense?
authors: ronquillo, john c.
abstract: research on tribal governance in the united states is scarce within modern public administration scholarship. nonetheless, tribal governance is a pre-columbian practice that predates the u.s. constitution and federal law. drawing from several disciplines, john c. ronquillo of the university of georgia demonstrates that interdisciplinary sources offer rich information for present-day public administration research about native american tribes. tribal governance literature is definitely not 'missing,' but instead is moderately 'unassembled' as a subfield of public administration. building on what is available, the author suggests several key issues within tribal governance in need of urgent academic attention.
16. title: 'a beckon to the makings, workings and doings of human beings': the critical pragmatism of john forester.
authors: wagenaar, hendrik.
abstract: john forester's important research project of developing a critical pragmatist approach to planning and policy analysis now spans two decades. common themes that give direction and coherence to his project are, first, a new view of public planning as the restructuring of communication between stakeholders with divergent and conflicting interests and large inequalities in power and influence; second, a redefinition of the role of the planner away from a handmaiden of power to a hands-on professional who fosters inclusive, participatory forms of collective action; and, finally, a deliberate concern with the micropolitics of planning that enables participants to broaden their full potential for democratic transformation within the context of strong, enduring inequalities in agenda-setting and decision-making power. this review traces the roots of forester's project in pragmatist thought and in particular themes from emersonian moral philosophy, adding a notion of 'critical' to forester's radical pluralist stance. forester subscribes to john dewey's argument for democracy, which inherently requires diversity to arrive at warranted truth. for forester, the core task of a planner is to safeguard the participation of those normally excluded from decision making by institutionalized inequalities.
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